The power distribution system consists of a substation and a distribution system. The substation uses transformers to convert the voltage level of the power supply, reducing the 35kV~110kV voltage of the high-voltage transmission lines to 6kV~10kV via the main step-down substation, and then further converting it to 380V/220V terminal voltage via workshop substations. The distribution system uses switching equipment to distribute current from the main line to multiple branches. Its network structure includes units such as high-voltage substations and workshop distribution equipment, characterized by a progressively decreasing branch current.
The complete system engineering scope covers all devices from the grid connection point to the power output point, including circuit breakers, instrument transformers, batteries, and auxiliary facilities such as lighting and lightning protection. In a factory setting, it typically forms a three-tier architecture: the main step-down substation handles initial voltage reduction and distribution, the high-voltage substation performs secondary distribution, and the workshop substations achieve the final voltage conversion.
The main components of a power distribution system include transformers, high-voltage switchgear, low-voltage switchgear, protection equipment, power supply devices, power metering devices, fault information processing devices, and auxiliary equipment.