Typically, a distribution box consists of a box body, circuit breakers, contactors, fuses, electrical components, power supply, and power metering devices. The structure of a distribution box includes: the outer shell is usually made of metal or plastic materials, which can protect the components inside the box from physical damage or interference from external factors; partitions are used to separate functional areas, playing a role in isolation and protection; the inlet is used to receive power from the distribution room; the outlet is used to transmit power to designated electrical equipment or rooms; terminal connection devices facilitate the installation and connection of lines; fuses and protection devices are used for short circuit and overload protection.
According to voltage level, distribution boxes can be divided into two types: Low-voltage distribution boxes and high-voltage distribution boxes. According to installation method, they can be divided into fixed type and mobile type. The vertical distance between the center point of a fixed distribution box or switch box and the ground should be 1.4~1.6m, and the mobile distribution box or switch box should be installed on a sturdy and stable support, with the vertical distance between its center point and the ground preferably being 0.8~1.6m . Common types also include modular cable-insertion distribution boxes, intelligent integrated distribution boxes, and wall-mounted distribution boxes.
In actual power distribution systems, a three-tiered power distribution system is typically implemented using a main distribution box (distribution cabinet), sub-distribution boxes, and switch boxes. Several sub-distribution boxes can be installed below the main distribution box (distribution cabinet), and several switch boxes can be installed below the sub-distribution boxes.